The Winter Olympics and Paralympics have long been a platform for showcasing snow and cold weather sports globally. However, as temperatures increase and snowfall becomes less reliable, the sustainability of these Games is in question, according to environmental experts. Italy, the upcoming host of the Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games, is already feeling the effects of climate change in its planning decisions and infrastructure choices.
A study commissioned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 2024 revealed that by the 2050s, only about half of the previous Winter Olympics host cities would have suitable cold conditions for the Games. A ski-resilience index from November 2025 highlighted the vulnerability of many resorts, including Cortina d’Ampezzo, the main venue for the upcoming Games. Despite these challenges, the IOC remains committed to its climate goals, aiming to reduce carbon emissions by 50% by 2030 and requiring host cities to use existing or temporary venues.
The Italian Alps are already experiencing above-average temperatures, affecting the reliability of natural snowpack for fair competition. Artificial snow and refrigeration have become essential to maintain suitable conditions for the Games. Italy’s sustainability efforts for major events have been evident in previous initiatives like the 2006 Turin Olympics and the 2015 Milan Expo, setting the stage for the Milano-Cortina Winter Games to follow international greenhouse-gas reporting standards.
However, sustainability efforts have limitations, particularly in accounting for spectator travel emissions, a significant source of pollution at major sporting events. The push for sustainability in Olympic Games faces challenges in meeting stringent criteria, with concerns raised about the true environmental impact of hosting such events.
Calls for a rotating Winter Games model have emerged, suggesting a few climate-stable venues take turns hosting the Games to address rising costs and environmental pressures. Snowmaking, crucial for the Winter Games, faces challenges due to shifting climate conditions, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions to ensure the future of winter sports events.