Researchers have discovered that T-cells, a type of white blood cell, become more effective after a meal. These cells act as a microscopic defense force seeking out and eliminating viruses, bacteria, and precancerous tissues in the body. Greg Delgoffe, an immunologist at the University of Pittsburgh and the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, explains that eating plays a crucial role in the fight against infections. The study, published in the journal Nature in April, indicates the significance of nutrition in enhancing immune responses, potentially aiding in the development of immune therapies and optimizing vaccination timing.
In a recent study, blood samples were collected from 31 healthy volunteers twice in a day: once in the morning after fasting overnight and again six hours later after having a meal. The results showed that post-meal T-cells exhibited improved functionality by better absorbing fats and sugars and having more efficient energy-producing mitochondria. Additionally, fed mice generated more memory cells, a specialized subset of T-cells that recognize previously encountered pathogens like viruses and bacteria.
According to Delgoffe, when T-cells are triggered by foreign invaders, such as viruses or bacteria, they undergo rapid growth and division to form an army of cells to combat the infection. This rapid cell expansion is metabolically demanding, contributing to the fatigue experienced during illnesses. The study noted that regardless of the specific diet, post-meal effects on T-cells remained consistent, with a balanced diet providing the most significant enhancement.
The findings also suggest that proper nutrition could potentially enhance certain cancer treatments, such as CAR-T therapies, which modify T-cell receptors to better target cancer cells. Delgoffe’s research team observed that CAR T-cells derived from individuals who had eaten were more effective in controlling cancer compared to those from fasting individuals. Russell Jones, a metabolism and nutritional programming expert at Van Andel Institute, emphasizes the importance of dietary interventions in boosting the immune system and improving the efficacy of cancer treatments.
In conclusion, the study underscores the intricate relationship between diet, metabolism, and immunity, particularly in the context of cancer treatment. Jones highlights the importance of maintaining a balanced diet for overall health, whether combating a common cold or battling cancer.